Musing about the contemporary exercise modality of Pilates, while frequently presented as a product of Western physical culture, reveals upon closer examination a rich tapestry of influences, interwoven with threads derived from Eastern philosophies, particularly the ancient practice of yoga. Joseph Pilates’s original system, “Contrology,” a term underscoring the dominion of the mind over bodily movement, established a foundational principle that resonates deeply with the yogic emphasis on the inextricable link between mental and physical states.
The Pilates concept of “centring,” which necessitates both the physical engagement of the core musculature and a heightened state of mental concentration, mirrors the yogic cultivation of dharana (concentration) and dhyana (meditation), disciplines that aim to cultivate a profound awareness of the body’s internal landscape and the subtle fluctuations of breath. This parallel extends to the meticulous breath control that forms a cornerstone of Pilates practice, wherein specific breathing patterns, such as lateral thoracic breathing, coordinate with movement to enhance stability and efficiency. This mirrors the yogic science of pranayama, which seeks to regulate and harmonize breath as a means of directing energy or prana flow and calming the nervous and subtle energy systems.
The fluid, sequenced movements that characterize Pilates exercises also find a striking analogue in the vinyasa style of yoga, where transitions between postures are seamlessly linked with breath, creating a meditative flow that cultivates both physical strength and mental tranquility. The emphasis on core engagement in Pilates, often referred to as the “powerhouse,” finds a corresponding concept in the bandhas of yoga, specifically mula bandha and uddiyana bandha, which engage deep core muscles to stabilize the spine and enhance energy/prana flow. While direct, documented encounters between Joseph Pilates and specific yoga teachers remain elusive, the cultural milieu of the early 20th century in both Germany and New York, where Pilates lived and worked, provides compelling evidence of a burgeoning interest in and dissemination of Eastern philosophical ideas, including those related to yoga.
This broader intellectual climate, characterized by a growing fascination with Eastern mysticism and somatic practices, likely contributed to the integration of yogic principles into his method. The influence of Bess Mensendieck’s functional movement principles must also be noted, as they provided a bridge between western and eastern ideas of movement.
Beyond the purely physical aspects of Pilates, yoga offers a holistic approach that extends to the cultivation of mental and spiritual well-being. Practices such as meditation and mindfulness, integral to yoga, provide tools for cultivating inner peace, self-awareness, and emotional regulation. The ethical principles of yoga, the yamas and niyamas, provide a moral and philosophical framework for living a meaningful and purposeful life, extending the benefits of the practice beyond the confines of the exercise mat. These principles, such as ahimsa (non-violence), satya (truthfulness), and santosha (contentment), offer guidance for navigating interpersonal relationships and cultivating inner harmony. The practice of yoga encourages a sense of connection to something greater than oneself, whether it be nature, the universe, or an inner source of wisdom. Practices such as chanting, mantra repetition, and devotional rituals foster a sense of spiritual connection and transcendence. The integration of these holistic dimensions of yoga with the physical benefits of Pilates can lead to profound and transformative experience, fostering a sense of well-being and interconnectedness. Many of us who find ourselves focused on yoga ultimately are interested in the evolution of the self beyond the physical practices and in our school we endeavour to teach the physical practice as a means to and end.
In essence, while Pilates provides a robust and effective system for physical fitness, understanding its underlying connections to yoga and Eastern philosophy can enrich the practice, offering a comprehensive and meaningful approach to movement and self-cultivation. The synthesis of these seemingly disparate traditions offers a powerful pathway to holistic well-being, fostering a deeper appreciation for the interconnectedness of mind, body, and spirit. Joseph Pilates and the elders of his method do appear to be interested in fundamental consciousness even if it is an afterthought.
Watch the schedule for some upcoming pilates classes, workshops and trainings that follow the traditional teachings of Joseph Pilates and the Elders of the Pilates system of exercise. Our own particular brand of yoga carries the name Samasa, which means fusion. We too have been influenced by the evolutions of movement practices that provide freedom of mind, body and spirit. Believing that this is not anyone right system. There are as many different approaches as there are people and that any system of yoga or pilates should meet the individual where they are, provide support and enough challenge to facilitate personal growth and transformation.
never stop learning … Denise
